Much of my research examines how individual differences in children’s ability to regulate their behaviors and emotions can serve as a mediator or moderator of the effects of the longitudinal relations between early temperament and later psychopathology. My work in self-regulation applies a developmental cognitive neuroscience framework that distinguishes between subcomponents of self-regulation such as the monitoring/detection of salient stimuli and the instantiation of control in response to such stimuli. Importantly, my colleagues and I have shown that this distinction helps explain seemingly paradoxical results, especially in the context of children’s temperament. In order to capture the multiple components of self-regulation, this work has lead me to study self-regulation across childhood using several methods, including autonomic physiology, computerized tasks, EEG, ERP, fMRI, and micro-analytic coding of behavior in the laboratory by using advanced statistical models.